The Extraocular Muscles

Name: The Extraocular Muscles
Rating: 3.7 (7 reviews)
Author: Bethea Medical Media, LLC

Eye muscle anatomy & actions

Free · Designed for iPad

7 Ratings
Ages

4+
Years
Category

Education
Developer

Bethea Medical Media, LLC
Language

EN
English
Size

159.2
MB

Explore the muscles and nerves that control our voluntary eye movements with this interactive educational 3D module. The human eye can look in every direction with the combined actions of six long, flat muscles: the superior oblique, inferior oblique, and four recti muscles. The Extraocular Muscles app identifies relevant anatomy and helps learners trace muscle activity from the cranial nerve nuclei to the resultant axial rotation. This module includes a timed quiz mode with randomized, thought-provoking questions relating to the anatomy and function of these muscles. FEATURES -Touch functionality that allows viewers to study the anatomy from every angle: Swipe to rotate, pinch to zoom, and two-finger swipe to shift perspective. -Arrow buttons that initiate action potentials and activate eye muscles, rotating the eyes toward the chosen direction -ID buttons that activate descriptions of the associated anatomy -A glossary of relevant anatomical terms -A timed quiz mode with randomized questions that encourage learners to integrate key concepts DEVELOPER Bethea Medical Media develops illustrations, animations, and interactive experiences to communicate concepts and discoveries related to the health sciences. Find more information at betheamedicalmedia.com

Ratings & Reviews

3.7

out of 5

7 Ratings

Dynamic illustrations
12/31/2024

Caf-fiend
It is a good start and I hope it is developed further. Other anatomy apps have not addressed the coordination of the eye movements. Understanding this is critical for clinical localization of neurological lesions in the brainstem. The key points of confusion are the insertion points of the superior and inferior obliques. The insertion points are posterior to the axis of the eye that divides the eye from the anterior half and the posterior half of the eye. This is why during adduction the inferior oblique pulls the eye up and the superior oblique pulls the eye down. The insertions of the rectus muscle are anterior to this axis which makes their movements more intuitive.
Dynamic illustrations
12/31/2024

Caf-fiend

It is a good start and I hope it is developed further. Other anatomy apps have not addressed the coordination of the eye movements. Understanding this is critical for clinical localization of neurological lesions in the brainstem. The key points of confusion are the insertion points of the superior and inferior obliques. The insertion points are posterior to the axis of the eye that divides the eye from the anterior half and the posterior half of the eye. This is why during adduction the inferior oblique pulls the eye up and the superior oblique pulls the eye down. The insertions of the rectus muscle are anterior to this axis which makes their movements more intuitive.
Very cool.
10/03/2020

Orgo 2 student
Very cool app. Can’t believe this is free.
Very cool.
10/03/2020

Orgo 2 student

Very cool app. Can’t believe this is free.
Wrong muscle action labeling
01/23/2021

mom@pr
The app would be excellent to visualize and study EOM movements and innervation, but the actions of the vertical and oblique muscles are labeled incorrectly. The vertical recti muscles elevate and depress the globes in ABDUCTION, and the oblique muscles in ADDUCTION. In the app this actions are labeled incorrectly. Please fix.

Developer Response
Thank you for trying out the app, and for providing feedback! You are correct. When the eyes are already abducted, only the superior and inferior recti muscles contribute to their elevation and depression. Likewise for the oblique muscles in adduction. However, starting from the primary position, activation of the recti muscles also causes adduction due to their alignment relative to the forward axis of the eye (a 23° difference). Similarly, the oblique muscles cause abduction as well as elevation/depression because of their oblique angle (51° from forward axis) and posterolateral attachments to the orbit. So while the labels are accurate, additional information could be included to address these nuances. It is our job to target potential areas of confusion for learners, and we’ll work to clarify this distinction in future versions.
Wrong muscle action labeling
01/23/2021

mom@pr

The app would be excellent to visualize and study EOM movements and innervation, but the actions of the vertical and oblique muscles are labeled incorrectly. The vertical recti muscles elevate and depress the globes in ABDUCTION, and the oblique muscles in ADDUCTION. In the app this actions are labeled incorrectly. Please fix.
Developer Response 02/03/2021
Thank you for trying out the app, and for providing feedback! You are correct. When the eyes are already abducted, only the superior and inferior recti muscles contribute to their elevation and depression. Likewise for the oblique muscles in adduction. However, starting from the primary position, activation of the recti muscles also causes adduction due to their alignment relative to the forward axis of the eye (a 23° difference). Similarly, the oblique muscles cause abduction as well as elevation/depression because of their oblique angle (51° from forward axis) and posterolateral attachments to the orbit. So while the labels are accurate, additional information could be included to address these nuances. It is our job to target potential areas of confusion for learners, and we’ll work to clarify this distinction in future versions.
Review
11/30/2019

Sw4t@stic
Helpful!
Review
11/30/2019

Sw4t@stic

Helpful!

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